Suchergebnisse

Nelson W. Sodré was one of the main Brazilian intellectuals of the last century, with a broad range of concerns—historical, economic, social, and cultural. Despite his focus on Brazilian history, Sodré's work can also be regarded as having a broader interest for the so-called peripheral, neocolonial, or simply underdeveloped nations. Much of Sodré's work can be considered an important cultural legacy and deserves to be revisited, given its ongoing relevance in many aspects, among them: his analysis of the nature of colonial economies and their superstructural manifestations; his effort to adapt Marxism to the study of colonial and neocolonial nations and his stress on the necessity of achieving intellectual independence in the periphery; and his definition of the "people" in Brazil. Despite limitations of some of Sodré's research hypotheses, he will be remembered not only as a great Brazilian historian but also as a great example of struggles for social emancipation.

O artigo discute os problemas conexos da chamada questão nacional e da revolução brasileira na obra de Nelson Werneck Sodré à luz de alguns de seus críticos, propondo uma periodização que reflita melhor as mudanças de seu enfoque ao longo do tempo. Busca-se mostrar como a abordagem do autor evoluiu à luz das transformações da história do Brasil, mediante uma leitura de seus trabalhos que mescla o método da contextualização histórica e o da evolução diacrônica. A hipótese que se busca demonstrar é a de que a questão nacional evolui na obra do autor ao longo de três etapas; além de um primeiro período pré-marxista, o segundo seria referente ao chamado nacionalismo de tipo etapista e o terceiro referente à dependência. Concluímos que, diferentemente do que certa literatura crítica afirma, a abordagem de Sodré não pode ser considerada como estática e desvinculada das mudanças históricas pelas quais passou o Brasil, antes refletindo-a.

Este trabalho faz um resumo da ascensão
histórica de Chávez, e suas ideias sobre
o socialismo. Partindo da história do
planejamento socialista na segunda metade
do século XX, o excerto então discute como
as ideias de Chávez foram influenciadas não
somente pelo contexto venezuelano, mas
como por várias correntes do pensamento
progressista latino-americano, assim
como pela história da União Soviética
e do planejamento socialista. O texto é
finalizado com algumas reflexões à luz da
crise econômica venezuelana atual.

This work aims to evaluate Argentina's macroeconomic behaviour between 2003 and 2013. The article begins with a discussion and description of the main policies adopted by the government in the period. The second section contains an empirical evaluation of the overall economic behaviour of the economy during the 2003–2013 period, including inflation. The third section contains an interpretation of the recent Argentinian experience of economic growth and high inflation rates.

Este artigo céntrase no proceso de "impeachment" de Dilma Rousseff en Brasil, así como nas políticas económicas aplicadas e da marcha da economía baixo a administración de Temer, entre 2016 y 2018. O artigo amosa que o exercicio de Dilma Rousseff favoreceu un empuxe neoliberal máis forte defendido especialmente polos mercados financeiros e que, ao contrario dos obxectivos proclamados da nova Administración, as políticas económicas adoptadas contra a recesión non supuxeron unha recuperación económica nin unha mellora da situación fiscal do Goberno central. Pola contra, a privatización acelerada e a desnacionalización da economía desde o impeachment perpetuou aínda máis o estancamento, reforzou o endebedamento e reduciu a capacidade de resposta do Goberno central. ; This article focuses on the impeachment process of Dilma Rousseff in Brazil, as well as the economic policies and the performance of the economy under the Temer administration, between 2016 and 2018. The article shows that Dilma Rousseff's impeachment favored a stronger neoliberal thrust advocated especially by financial markets, and that contrary to the proclaimed objectives of the new administration, the economic policies adopted against recession did not lead to an expressive economic recovery, or to an improvement of the fiscal situation of the central government. Instead, the accelerated privatization and denationalization of the economy since the impeachment has further perpetuated stagnation, reinforced indebtedness, and reduced the capacity of the central government to respond. ; Este artículo se centra en el proceso de "impeachment" de Dilma Rousseff en Brasil, así como en las políticas económicas aplicadas y la marcha de la economía bajo la administración de Temer, entre 2016 y 2018. El artículo muestra que el ejercicio de Dilma Rousseff favoreció un impulso neoliberal más fuertes propugnadas especialmente por los mercados financieros y que, contrariamente a los objetivos proclamados de la nueva administración, las políticas económicas adoptadas contra la recesión no suponían una recuperación económica ni una mejora de la situación fiscal del Gobierno Central. Por el contrario, la privatización acelerada y la desnacionalización de la economía desde la impugnación perpetuaron el estancamiento, fortalecieron el endeudamiento y redujeron la capacidad de respuesta del gobierno central.

The article describes the following aspects regarding the pandemic of Covid-19 in Brazil: 1. the positive statistical correlation between votes for Bolsonaro in the 2018's presidential elections and deaths caused by Covid-19, at the descriptive level of federal units; 2. the uncorrelated relation between votes for Bolsonaro and the popular adhesion to the vaccination campaign after June 2021; 3. the drop in death rates after June 2021 and the persistence of the correlation between proportional deaths and votes after it. In light of this empirical analysis, we suggest some paths for future historical and sociological research on the causal mechanisms for this apparent association.

This article reviews the recent growth period in Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries up to the current crisis, to provide an assessment of trends observed in the world of labour. Our assessment includes demographic trends, the employment structure, trends in unemployment and wages and the trajectory of social, racial and gender inequalities. We argue that the LAC region has undergone significant structural changes due to shifting positions in the international division of labour. The rural exodus has persisted, but also the industrialization patterns of the past have given way to renewed emphasis on primary goods exports, as well as new specialization patterns which favour low paying jobs in services or industries of the 'maquila' type. The informal, or low productivity, sector has also expanded. The economic boom of the 2000s had some positive distributional effects, but made limited inroads into the established racial and gender hierarchies, which found expression in persisting super-exploitation and extreme levels of violence and mass incarceration.